there be 句型练习 [2017年职称英语考试卫生类句型语序解析6]

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表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)：通常置于主句的系动词之后，说明主句主语的情况。

　　My idea is that we should help her do housework every Sunday.

　　Is that why you had a few days off?

　　It is because I have never heard of the story.

　　四、同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause)：常置于某些名词之后，对其内容作解释或补充说明。如:

　　advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, news, order, problem, promise, question, request, suggestion, truth, wish, word等。

　　The news that we won the game is exciting.

　　There is no doubt that he is the best player in their country.

　　同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

　　同位语从句对所修饰词作补充说明，而定语从句对前面名词起限定作用;

　　that在同位语从句中只起引导作用，无词义，无语法成分，而在定语从句中指代所修饰词并在从句中作主语或宾语。

　　比较：The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong. (同位语从句)

　　The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong. (定语从句)

　　c. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause)

　　状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的谓语动词、副词、形容词或整个句子。根据句子的含义，它可表时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、行为方式、比较、让步等。状语从句通常由一个连词引起，有时由一个起连词作用的词组引起。

　　一.时间状语从句

　　I) when，while和as

　　He entered the room when (while, as) the meeting was going on.

　　when 通常指一时的动作或状态，可表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生，或先于主句动作;while常用来引导两个同时进行的持续时间较长的动作;as常用来引导两个动作紧接着发生，强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”。

　　When I meet the right chance, I will try my best.

　　While the teacher explained the text, the students listened attentively and took notes

　　He sang songs as he was taking a bath.

　　As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.

　　注：when有时作并列连词意为“正在这时”、“突然”，在句末，不能位于句首。从句的谓语动词常用一般过去时，主句通常用过去进行时、过去完成时或be about to结构等。

　　She was about to leave when Mark arrived so she stayed a little longer.

　　He had been walking under the trees when an apple fell down.

　　Ⅱ) as soon as, hardly (scarcely, barely) … when… , no sooner …than… 等引导的时间状语从句，意为“ 一… 就 …”

　　Jack had scarcely /hardly seen me when he left the room.

　　The spy had no sooner returned home than he was told to go to another country.

　　那个间谍一踏进国门就奉命要去他国。

　　注： 在no sooner … than, hardly … when …引导的时间状语从句中，若把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely 放在句首，则要用倒装结构。

　　No sooner had he heard the news than he fainted.

　　Scarcely had he entered the room when the telephone rang.